Reviewed by Dr. Jason Wright, D.O. · September 23, 2026
The science
How it works
Binds cardiolipin
Cardiolipin is the fat unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane. It holds the electron transport complexes in position.
Protects the cristae
When cardiolipin is damaged, the membrane folds flatten and energy output falls. SS-31 binds it and stabilizes that structure.
Less oxidative damage at the source
A tighter electron chain leaks fewer electrons, so fewer reactive oxygen species are produced in the first place.
Concentrates in mitochondria
Its positive charge draws it into the mitochondria rather than spreading through the rest of the cell.
SS-31 has human trial data from its drug development program. Longevity use at lower doses follows clinical convention.
Dosing
Your dosing plan
Dr. Wright sets your exact dose within this range at your visit.
Standard protocol
FormSubcutaneous
Dose3–5 mg (20–33 units)
ScheduleOnce daily
Based onClinical convention; 4 mg studied in a heart failure trial
Course
Form—
Dose4 to 8 weeks
ScheduleThen review
Based onClinical practice
Approved dose (reference)
FormSubcutaneous
Dose40 mg daily
ScheduleBarth syndrome only
Based onFDA label
Side effects
Side effects and what to expect
Redness or itching at the injection siteCommon · First few weeks
Rotate sites. This is the most common side effect.
HeadacheUncommon · First doses
Stay hydrated.
DizzinessUncommon · First doses
Let us know if it persists.
Allergic reactionRare · Any time
Stop and contact the practice.
A note from Dr. Wright
SS-31 targets cardiolipin, the fat that holds the energy machinery in place inside the mitochondrial membrane. That is a different target from NAD+ or MOTS-c, which feed the pathways those mitochondria run. I use it when fatigue is the main problem and the usual causes have been ruled out, in short courses, and I expect to see a change within a month or we stop.
Dr. Jason Wright, D.O. · Board certified, American Board of Cosmetic Surgery
Cost & access
Getting started with SS-31
SS-31
75 mg in a 5 mL vial (15 mg/mL) · Labeled in your name